The main use of 2-% cyanopropionic acid is as a raw material for organic synthesis. In the field of organic synthesis, it has a wide range of uses.
First, it can be used to synthesize heterocyclic compounds. Heterocyclic compounds play a crucial role in the fields of medicine, pesticides, dyes, etc. With 2-% cyanopropionic acid as the starting material, through a series of chemical reactions, various heterocyclic systems with unique structures can be ingeniously constructed. For example, by cyclization with suitable reagents, heterocyclic compounds containing heteroatoms such as nitrogen and oxygen can be prepared. Such compounds often exhibit unique biological activities and can provide key intermediates for the development of new drugs.
Second, it also has important uses in the preparation of special polymers. 2-% cyanopropionic acid can participate in the polymerization reaction to form polymers with special properties. Functional groups such as cyano and carboxyl groups in its molecules endow polymers with unique chemical and physical properties. For example, in the synthesis of some high-performance engineering plastics, the introduction of 2-% cyanopropionic acid structural units can improve the heat resistance, mechanical strength and other properties of polymers, and broaden their applications in high-end fields such as aerospace and electronics.
Third, in the synthesis of fine chemicals, 2-% cyanopropionic acid is also often a key raw material. In the preparation process of fine chemicals such as fragrances and additives, their special functional group properties can be used to achieve precise synthesis of target products. Through appropriate reaction conditions and reagent selection, their functional groups can be modified and converted to obtain fine chemicals with specific aromas or functions to meet the needs of different industries.
Furthermore, in the study of organic synthetic chemistry, 2-% cyanopropionic acid is a commonly used synthetic building block, providing an important material basis for chemists to explore new reactions and new methods. Through various chemical transformations, new paths for organic synthesis can be opened up, the structural diversity of organic compounds can be enriched, and the continuous development and progress of organic synthetic chemistry can be promoted.

2-% carboxybutyric acid has various physical properties. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with strong hygroscopicity. Looking at its properties, under room temperature and pressure, it is in a liquid state, flowing freely, just like the water of a babbling stream, touching it warmly.
When it comes to boiling point, it is about 200 degrees Celsius. This is due to the force between molecules. To make it boil, it needs a considerable amount of energy to break free from the bonds between molecules and turn into gaseous ascension. Its melting point is also low, and it is difficult to solidify at room temperature, usually maintaining the shape of a liquid state.
As for the density, it is slightly heavier than water. If it is co-placed with water, it can be seen that it slowly sinks underwater, like a pearl falling into the abyss. Its solubility is also a major characteristic, and it can be miscible with many organic solvents such as water, alcohol, ether, etc. It is just like water emulsion, and it blends seamlessly. This is because the hydrophilicity of the carboxyl group in the molecular structure allows it to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, so it can be soluble in water and also miscible with organic solvents containing similar functional groups.
In addition, 2-% carboxybutyric acid still has a certain degree of acidity, which originates from the existence of carboxyl groups. Carboxybutyric acid can partially ionize hydrogen ions, showing the sign of acidity in solution, and can neutralize with alkali substances, just like yin and yang, and transform into new substances. Although its smell is not strong, it also has a unique smell, like an elegant flower fragrance, which is faint and audible, but not pungent and disturbing. All these physical properties are inherent to 2-% carboxybutyric acid, which has its unique uses in chemical, pharmaceutical and other fields.

2-% carboxybutyric acid is slightly safer in nature. It is an organic acid containing carboxyl groups, and can develop various reactions under specific conditions.
At room temperature and pressure, 2-% carboxybutyric acid is mostly liquid and has certain stability. In case of high temperature, strong oxidizing agent, etc., its stability may be affected.
If it is at high temperature, the bonds in the 2-% carboxybutyric acid molecule can be energized and vibrated, causing the bond to break. If heated to a certain temperature, the carboxyl group may undergo a decarboxylation reaction, and the carbon dioxide will be lost and the structure will be changed. It says: "If it is too hot, the carboxyl group will be separated, the carbon and oxygen will be lost, and it will be transformed into new substances."
2 -% carboxybutyric acid is also difficult to stabilize in the presence of strong oxidizing agents. Because it contains oxidizable groups, the oxidizing agent grabs its electrons and causes the change of its chemical state. If it encounters a strong oxidizing agent of permanganate, it can cause the oxidation and cracking of the carbon chain and damage its original structure. The so-called "strong oxygen is in the presence of strong oxygen, grabs electrons and breaks its chain, and its chemical properties change."
However, under normal conditions, without special reagents and conditions, 2 -% carboxybutyric acid can be relatively stable. The force within the molecule maintains the structure, making it relatively stable. Therefore, the stability of 2 -% carboxybutyric acid varies depending on the environment and conditions. Under normal conditions at room temperature, it is still stable, but in case of special cases, it is easy to change its properties.

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1.2-Ethyl bromopropionate hydrolysis method
Take an appropriate amount of ethyl 2-bromopropionate, place it in a reactor, add a sufficient amount of sodium hydroxide solution, use ethanol as a solvent, and carry out the hydrolysis reaction under mild heating conditions. This reaction mechanism is that the ester groups are hydrolyzed in an alkaline environment to generate corresponding carboxylic salts and alcohols. Specifically, the ethoxy group in ethyl 2-bromopropionate is replaced by a hydroxyl group to form sodium 2-bromopropionate, and ethanol escapes at the same time. After the reaction is complete, dilute sulfuric acid is slowly added dropwise to the system for acidification. Sodium 2-bromopropionate is acidified and converted into 2-bromopropionic acid. Then a series of separation and purification methods such as distillation and extraction can be used to obtain high-purity 2-bromopropionic acid.
2. Acrylonitrile and hydrogen bromide addition method
In a suitable reaction vessel, acrylonitrile gas is introduced, and hydrogen bromide gas is slowly introduced. Under the action of initiators such as peroxides, the addition reaction occurs according to the anti-Markov rule. In this process, bromine atoms are added to the carbon atoms in acrylonitrile connected to the cyanide group to form 2-bromopropionitrile. Subsequently, 2-bromopropionitrile is hydrolyzed in an acidic or alkaline environment, and the cyanyl group is gradually converted into a carboxyl group, eventually generating 2-bromopropionic acid. The key to this method lies in the control of the addition reaction conditions and the precise operation of the hydrolysis step to ensure the smooth progress of the reaction and obtain a higher yield.
3. Propionic acid bromination
Using propionic acid as raw material, in the presence of catalysts such as red phosphorus or phosphorus tribromide, it undergoes a substitution reaction with bromine elemental substance. Under the action of the catalyst, the α-hydrogen atom in the propionic acid molecule is replaced by the bromine atom to generate 2-bromopropionic This reaction process requires strict control of the reaction temperature and the amount of bromine to avoid the occurrence of side reactions such as excessive bromination. After the reaction, the product is purified by vacuum distillation, recrystallization and other methods to obtain pure 2-bromopropionic acid.

Dicyanoacetic acid is active and toxic. It must be carefully stored and transported.
When storing, the first thing to do is to choose a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Because it is afraid of heat and moisture, if it is in a high temperature and humid environment, it is easy to decompose and deteriorate, and even cause dangerous changes. The temperature of the warehouse should be controlled within a specific range to prevent it from being uneasy if the temperature is too high. And it should be placed separately from oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, alkalis and other chemicals, because it is easy to have violent chemical reactions with them and cause accidents. At the same time, the storage place needs to be prepared with suitable materials to contain leaks, so as to prevent accidental leakage, and it can be properly handled in time to avoid the spread of harm.
When transporting, appropriate packaging must be used. Packaging materials must have good sealing and corrosion resistance to ensure that dicyanoacetic acid does not leak or react with foreign objects during transportation. Transportation vehicles should also be clean, dry, and not mixed with the above-mentioned chemicals that can react with it. Transportation personnel must be professionally trained and familiar with the dangerous characteristics of dicyanoacetic acid and emergency treatment methods. During transportation, pay close attention to environmental factors such as temperature and humidity to avoid direct sunlight and turbulence and vibration to ensure a smooth and safe transportation process. If a leak occurs during transportation, the surrounding people should be evacuated immediately. It is strictly forbidden for fire to approach. Transportation personnel need to take emergency measures quickly to collect the leak with special tools and dispose of it properly to prevent environmental pollution and safety accidents. Overall, the storage and transportation of dicyanoacetic acid is related to safety and the environment, and must not be slack at all. It must be strictly implemented in accordance with regulations.