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1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane

Qiji Chemical

1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane
Specifications

HS Code

449064

Name 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane
Molecular Formula C3H6BrCl
Molar Mass 157.44 g/mol
Appearance Colorless to light yellow liquid
Density 1.58 g/cm³ at 25 °C
Boiling Point 143 - 145 °C
Melting Point -59 °C
Solubility In Water Slightly soluble
Solubility In Organic Solvents Soluble in many organic solvents like ethanol, ether
Flash Point 46 °C
Refractive Index 1.483 at 20 °C
Packing & Storage
Packing 1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane in 500 - mL glass bottle with tight - sealed cap.
Storage 1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane should be stored in a cool, well - ventilated area away from heat and ignition sources. Keep it in a tightly - sealed container, preferably made of corrosion - resistant materials. Store it separately from oxidizing agents, strong bases, and reactive metals to prevent potential chemical reactions. Ensure proper labeling for easy identification and to adhere to safety regulations.
Shipping 1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane is shipped in tightly sealed, corrosion - resistant containers. It must be transported in accordance with hazardous chemical regulations, ensuring proper labeling and safety precautions during transit.
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1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane
General Information
Historical Development
1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane is an organic compound, and its historical development is very interesting. In the past, chemists explored organic synthesis and studied halogenated hydrocarbons deeply. At that time, many scholars were dedicated to finding efficient methods for preparing halogenated hydrocarbons. In the initial stage, the preparation of 1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane was quite difficult, with low yield and a lot of impurities. However, with the advancement of chemical technology, new synthesis paths gradually emerged. Chemists carefully prepared reaction conditions and improved raw materials, making the preparation of this compound more stable. This compound is increasingly important in the field of organic synthesis and can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of various organic molecules. Its historical development has witnessed the process of chemical synthesis technology from simple to complex and from coarse to fine, laying the foundation for the continuous progress of organic chemistry.
Product Overview
1 - Bromo-3 - Chloropropane is also an organic compound. It is a colorless and transparent liquid with a special odor. This compound is widely used in the field of organic synthesis. Its preparation method is often obtained by a specific reaction path. During the reaction process, it is necessary to precisely control various conditions, such as temperature, ratio of reactants, etc., to obtain this product. In the molecular structure of 1 - Bromo-3 - Chloropropane, the presence of bromine atoms and chlorine atoms gives it unique chemical activity. With this property, it can participate in a variety of chemical reactions and is an important intermediate for the synthesis of other organic compounds. In industrial production and scientific research experiments, the purity requirements for 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane are quite high. Because of its purity, it is related to the effect of subsequent reactions and the quality of the product. Therefore, when preparing, it is often necessary to use fine separation and purification methods to ensure that it meets the required purity standards.
Physical & Chemical Properties
1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane, an organic compound. It is a colorless liquid with a special odor. Its boiling point is between 143 and 145 ° C, and its density is higher than that of water, about 1.398g/cm ³. It is insoluble in water, but miscible in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether. In this compound, the atoms of bromine and chlorine give it unique chemical activity. Due to the presence of halogen atoms, it is prone to nucleophilic substitution reactions and can interact with many nucleophiles to construct new organic structures. Its physical properties and chemical activity are of great value in the field of organic synthesis. It can be used as an intermediate to prepare a variety of organic compounds, and is widely used in many industries such as medicine and pesticides.
Technical Specifications & Labeling
1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane is an organic compound. The technical specifications and labeling (product parameters) of this product need to be investigated in detail. Looking at its technical specifications, the first purity. When the purity of this substance reaches a very high standard, the impurity content must be minimal to ensure its stable performance in various reactions and applications. And its physical properties, such as melting point, boiling point, density, etc., need to be accurately determined and meet specific ranges. As for the label, the chemical name "1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane" should be clearly marked on the product to prevent confusion. At the same time, its dangerous characteristics should also be clearly marked, because halogenated hydrocarbons may have certain toxicity and flammability, so that users can operate cautiously and take protective measures. In this way, the safety and efficiency of this product in all aspects of production, transportation and use can be guaranteed.
Preparation Method
To prepare 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane, you need to prepare raw materials first. Propylene is often used as the starting point, supplemented by hydrogen bromide and chlorine gas. The preparation method is as follows: First, propylene is added to hydrogen bromide, following the Markov rule, hydrogenation is polycarbon, and 1-bromopropane is obtained. This step is mild and can be efficiently converted at appropriate temperatures and catalysts. Times, 1-bromopropane is substituted with chlorine gas by light. Chlorine replaces the hydrogen in propane, and under controlled conditions, the main product is 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane. Illumination leads to chlorine radicals, takes hydrogen to form an intermediate, and then reacts with chlorine to obtain the product. This process requires precise temperature control, light intensity and ratio of raw materials. If the temperature is too high or the light is too strong, the side reactions will increase; if the ratio is improper, the yield will decrease. After optimizing the reaction conditions and refining steps, high purity 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane can be obtained.
Chemical Reactions & Modifications
1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane is an important raw material for organic synthesis. In many chemical reactions, it exhibits specific reaction characteristics. In the past, the reaction of this compound followed a conventional path. However, chemists continue to explore ways to improve the reaction effect. Looking at its reaction, it often involves the activity of halogen atoms. Under the original reaction conditions, although the reaction can be achieved, the yield and selectivity are not ideal. In order to improve, scholars have studied new reaction media and catalysts. After repeated attempts, it was found that some new catalysts can significantly improve the rate and yield of 1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane reaction. At the same time, optimizing the reaction temperature and time also improved the reaction selectivity. Therefore, through the unremitting efforts of chemists, the chemical reaction of 1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane has been optimized, expanding its application in the chemical industry.
Synonyms & Product Names
1 - Bromo-3 - Chloropropane is also a chemical product. Its trade name is the same, and it has the value of investigation. In the field of chemical production, this product may have a name. Those who are the same are referred to as different. For example, in some ancient books, there may be a name for it, but they all refer to this 1 - Bromo-3 - Chloropropane. As for the trade name, the merchant often takes the name of easy and easy to sell. Or according to its characteristics, or use, it is given to the special. For example, in a chemical material market, there may be a trade name for "bromochloropropane special product", which aims to highlight its particularity and attract customers. Therefore, exploring the same trade name of 1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane can help us better understand its versatility in the chemical industry and market, which is beneficial for research and application.
Safety & Operational Standards
1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane Safety and Operating Specifications Husband 1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane is also a chemical substance. Its nature is dangerous, so those who use it must be clear about safety and operating specifications to prevent accidents. In storage regulations, keep it in a cool, dry and well ventilated place. Keep away from fires and heat sources, and avoid direct sunlight. This is because of its flammability. In case of open flames and hot topics, it is dangerous to burn. And it should be stored separately from oxidizing agents and alkalis, and do not mix them to prevent dangerous chemical reactions. As for the operation, it is necessary to strictly follow the procedures. The operator must wear suitable protective equipment, such as protective glasses, gloves and protective clothing, to protect the eyes, hands and skin of the whole body, and avoid contact with the substance. It is especially important to operate in a fume hood, so that the volatile gas can be discharged in time to avoid its accumulation and reduce the risk of poisoning. If you accidentally touch the skin, rinse it with a large amount of flowing water immediately, and then seek medical treatment. If it enters the eye, rinse it with a large amount of water or normal saline immediately, and still need to seek medical attention. If you inhale its steam, leave the scene quickly to a place with fresh air, keep breathing smoothly, and if you are unwell, seek medical attention urgently. When it comes to accessing this substance, the accuracy of the quantity is very important. After use, properly seal the container to prevent leakage. If there is a leak, do not panic, quickly isolate the leakage area and restrict access. Emergency responders wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and anti-poison clothing. Small leaks are absorbed by inert materials such as sand and vermiculite; large leaks are embanketed and contained, and post-treatment is required. In short, the safety and operating standards of 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane should not be ignored. This is the key to ensuring personal safety and smooth experimentation and production.
Application Area
1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane is also an organic compound. Its application field is quite wide. In the field of medicinal chemistry, it can be a key intermediate for the synthesis of many drugs, helping to create novel drugs to cure various diseases. In material science, it can participate in the preparation of specific polymer materials, improve the properties of materials, and make them more suitable for different scenarios. In organic synthetic chemistry, it is often used as an alkylation reagent, which can introduce specific groups to expand the structural diversity of organic compounds. Due to its unique chemical properties, this compound has shown important value in various fields, and it is really important to promote the progress of related science and technology.
Research & Development
1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane is an organic compound that is of great value in chemical research and industry. I have been focusing on the research of this compound for a long time, and I would like to share it with you. The synthesis of this compound has undergone many attempts and improvements. At first, according to the conventional method, the yield did not meet expectations. After carefully studying the reaction mechanism, adjusting the ratio of reactants, temperature and time, etc., the method with higher yield was finally obtained. Its application is in the field of pharmaceutical synthesis. It is a key intermediate and can produce a variety of drugs with specific curative effects. In materials science, it can also participate in the preparation of special materials and improve material properties. Looking to the future, we hope to further optimize the synthesis process, reduce costs and improve purity. At the same time, explore its application in more emerging fields, such as new energy, environmental science, etc. Hope to contribute to the development of chemistry and the progress of society.
Toxicity Research
Toxicity of Jinyan 1 - Bromo-3 - Chloropropane. This substance is clear in color and light in taste. It is a liquid in a stable state in the room. However, its potential harm should not be ignored. Tested in animals, if exposed to this substance, there may be adverse reactions. On the way into the body, it can be swallowed through breathing, skin contact or accidental swallowing. Inhaled, or feel poor breathing, lung disease; skin touch, or cause redness, swelling, itching and pain; swallowed by mistake, gastrointestinal trauma, vomiting and diarrhea combined. Then investigate its chemical properties. In its molecular structure, bromine and chlorine are based, and the activity is quite strong. In the biochemical environment of the body, it often disturbs the operation of cells and impairs their functions. Enzyme activity and gene expression may be disrupted by it. In summary, the toxicity of 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane is obvious. When researching and using it, strict protection measures should be taken to prevent people from being in danger, keep life safe, and keep the world clean.
Future Prospects
Not yet known as 1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane, it can be used in the future. We have been researching this compound for a long time. It is in the field of synthesis, such as a spoon, and can be used in many new ways. In the field of research, 1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane may be able to be developed in a new way, and it will be a good road to health. Its special properties, the possibility of hiding, or it can be derived from anti-disease. In the territory of the material science, this compound is also expected to be widely used. Or it can be used as a cornerstone to innovate in new materials with excellent performance. I am diligent in my research, and I have learned its secrets. I lead 1 - Bromo - 3 - Chloropropane to the future, to benefit the world, and to achieve unparalleled achievements.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the main uses of 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane?
1-Bromo-3-chloropropane has a wide range of main uses. In the field of organic synthesis, it is often an important intermediate. Due to the active chemical properties of both bromine and chlorine in its structure, it can participate in the construction of compounds in various reactions. If nucleophilic substitution reactions can be borrowed, bromine or chlorine atoms can be replaced by a variety of nucleophilic reagents. When alkoxides are used as nucleophiles, corresponding ether compounds can be formed, which are widely used in the synthesis of ethers with special structures. If cyanide is used as a nucleophilic reagent, a cyano group can be introduced, and after subsequent hydrolysis, it can be converted into a carboxyl group, which is a key step in the synthesis of carboxylic acid compounds. In the field of medicinal chemistry, 1-bromo-3-chloropropane also plays an important role. During drug development, it is often necessary to build a molecular framework with a specific structure. This compound can be used as a starting material to gradually build complex drug molecular structures through the reactivity of bromine and chlorine atoms, which can help to create new drugs. Furthermore, in the field of materials science, it can participate in the synthesis of polymer materials. By reacting with monomers containing specific functional groups, its structure can be introduced into the polymer chain, thereby changing the properties of the material, such as improving the solubility and thermal stability of the material. Overall, 1-bromo-3-chloropropane is an indispensable chemical raw material in many fields such as organic synthesis, drug development, and materials science. With its unique chemical properties, it promotes the development and progress of various fields.
What are the physical properties of 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane?
The physical properties of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane are very important and are related to many applications. This compound is a colorless to light yellow transparent liquid, which is clear and has a certain fluidity. Its odor is specific, but it is not pungent and intolerable, only slightly irritating. When talking about the boiling point, it is between 143-145 ° C. Under this temperature condition, it gradually changes from liquid to gaseous state. The characteristics of boiling point are key parameters in chemical operations such as distillation and separation. In terms of melting point, it is about -55 ° C. At low temperatures, it condenses into a solid state. This characteristic also affects its storage and transportation conditions. Its density is about 1.398g/mL (20 ° C), which is slightly heavier than water. When placed in water, it will sink to the bottom. In terms of solubility, 1-bromo-3-chloropropane is insoluble in water, but it can be well miscible with organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers, and acetone. This solubility facilitates its use as a solvent or reactant in organic synthesis. In addition, its refractive index is about 1.4585 (20 ° C). This optical property has its uses in the field of analysis and identification, which can help to identify and distinguish the compound. These physical properties are interrelated and affect the application of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane in the chemical industry, pharmaceutical synthesis and other industries, and have important implications for its production, storage, transportation and use.
What is the chemistry of 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane?
1-Bromo-3-chloropropane is also an organic compound. In its molecular structure, bromine and chlorine atoms occupy both ends of the propane chain, and this unique structure endows it with specific chemical properties. First describes its substitution reaction. Due to the activity of halogen atoms, it is easy to be substituted when encountering nucleophiles. In case of sodium alcohol, bromine or chlorine atoms can be replaced by alkoxy groups to form corresponding ethers. Taking sodium ethyl alcohol as an example, after nucleophilic substitution, one of bromine or chlorine will be replaced by ethoxy groups to obtain compounds containing ether bonds. This reaction condition is mild, and it often occurs at room temperature or slightly heated with an appropriate organic solvent as a medium. Repeat its elimination reaction. In a strong alkali environment, 1-bromo-3-chloropropane can be eliminated. The alkali grabs the hydrogen on the adjacent carbon of the halogen atom, and the halogen ions leave, forming unsaturated bonds. If treated with an alcoholic solution of potassium hydroxide, ethylene products can be obtained. During the reaction, it needs to be heated to promote its progress, following the E2 elimination mechanism, that is, the halogen ion and the hydrogen atom leave at the same time, and form an ethylene in one step. has its own hydrolysis reaction. In an alkaline aqueous solution, 1-bromo-3-chloropropane can be hydrolyzed. The hydroxyl group of water attacks the carbon connected to the halogen atom, and the halogen ion leaves, producing alcohols. If heated in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, bromine and chlorine atoms are gradually replaced by hydroxyl groups to form intermediates containing monohydroxy groups, and then diols can be obtained. This hydrolysis reaction is an important way to prepare hydroxy-containing compounds. 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane is active in substitution, elimination, hydrolysis and other reactions due to the activity of halogen atoms. It is a key raw material for the preparation of various compounds in the field of organic synthesis, and is widely used in fine chemicals, drug synthesis and other fields.
What are 1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane synthesis methods?
1-Bromo-3-chloropropane is also a common raw material in organic synthesis. There are various ways to synthesize it, and each has its own advantages and disadvantages. It is selected according to different needs and situations. First, propylene is used as the starting material. Propylene is added to hydrogen bromide to obtain 1-bromopropane. Then, under the action of light or initiator, 1-bromopropane undergoes a radical substitution reaction with chlorine gas to obtain 1-bromo-3-chloropropane. In this way, propylene is a common chemical raw material and is easy to obtain. However, the selectivity of free radical substitution reaction is poor, there are many side reactions, and the product separation and purification is slightly difficult. Second, use 1,3-dichloropropane as raw material. In the presence of a phase transfer catalyst, a halogen exchange reaction occurs between 1,3-dichloropropane and sodium bromide, and 1-bromo-3-chloropropane can be prepared. The phase transfer catalyst can make the reaction proceed under milder conditions and improve the reaction rate. However, the source of the raw material 1,3-dichloropropane may need to be considered, and the conversion rate of the halogen exchange reaction also needs to be optimized. Third, propanol is used as the starting material. Propanol is first reacted with thionyl chloride to obtain 1-chloropropane. 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane can be obtained by reacting 1-chloropropane with sodium bromide in an appropriate solvent. In this process, propanol is a common alcohol compound with a wide range of sources. However, the overall yield may be affected by the slightly more reaction steps, and the control of the reaction conditions at each step is quite critical. All synthesis methods have their advantages and disadvantages. To obtain 1-bromo-3-chloropropane with high purity and high yield, it is necessary to carefully review the availability of raw materials, the difficulty of reaction conditions, and the simplicity of product separation, and then choose the appropriate method.
1-Bromo-3-Chloropropane What are the precautions during storage and transportation?
1-Bromo-3-chloropropane is an organic compound. During storage and transportation, many matters must be paid attention to. When storing, choose the first environment. It should be placed in a cool and ventilated warehouse, away from fires and heat sources. This is because of its flammability. In case of open flames and hot topics, it can cause combustion and explosion, so fire prevention is essential. The warehouse temperature should not exceed 30 ° C to prevent danger caused by excessive temperature. Furthermore, it should be stored separately from oxidants and alkalis, and must not be mixed. Because of its contact with oxidants, it is easy to react violently, and it may also react chemically with alkalis, endangering safety. Packaging must be sealed to prevent moisture. Due to moisture in the air or its hydrolysis, quality and stability are affected. During transportation, caution is also required. Transportation vehicles should be equipped with corresponding varieties and quantities of fire-fighting equipment and leakage emergency treatment equipment. In summer, it is advisable to transport in the morning and evening to avoid high temperature periods to reduce the possibility of danger caused by rising temperatures. The tank (tank) used during transportation should have a grounding chain, and holes can be set in the tank to reduce shock and static electricity. When loading and unloading, it must be handled lightly to prevent damage to the packaging and containers. Once the packaging is damaged, 1-bromo-3-chloropropane leaks, which will pollute the environment and pose a health risk after human contact. In conclusion, every step in the storage and transportation of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane is related to safety, and it is necessary to strictly follow the regulations and do not slack off.